Metadata: Records of civil proceedings 1798-1838
Collection
- Country:
- Hungary
- Holding institution:
- National Archives of Hungary, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Archives, Szolnok
- Holding institution (official language):
- Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok Megyei Levéltára, Szolnok
- Postal address:
- 5000 Szolnok, Pozsonyi út 40-42
- Phone number:
- +36 56 421 404
- Web address:
- https://mnl.gov.hu/jnszml
- Email:
- jnszml@mnl.gov.hu
- Reference number:
- IV.A.5.a
- Title:
- Records of civil proceedings 1798-1838
- Title (official language):
- Polgári peres jegyzőkönyvek 1798-1838
- Creator/accumulator:
- Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county
- Date(s):
- 1798/1838
- Language:
- Latin
- Hungarian
- Extent:
- 0.16 linear metres (6 volumes)
- Type of material:
- Textual material
- Physical condition:
- good
- Scope and content:
-
The collection ’Records of civil proceedings 1798-1838’ comprises the records of lawsuits related to the Jászkun District. It is part of the extensive collection of ‘Documents of Jászkun District Tribunal Documents /1619/1701-1847’.
The Jászkun district shows unique peculiarities, as there was a lack of landowner judging and the Cumans living here had possessed their right of autonomous jurisdiction since the rule of Béla IV.
The collection comprises two records of civil proceedings and index books. Only the material of the sessions of 1798-1822 and 1823-1838 has survived of the records created in this period. These were bound into two volumes. The records of the general tribunal congregations include the following issues: leaseholders lawsuits, lawsuits over borders, cases related to pasturing, debts, tobacco cultivation, transport, takeover, credit associations and bankruptcy cases. The subject matters of criminal cases recorded here are the following: events in the life of those living in the wilderness (herdsmen, shepherds), public cases or crimes against the community (horse or cattle theft), highway robbery, robbery, manslaughter, adultery, bigamy, infidelity, despotism and conflicts among noblemen. The colourfulness of the criminal proceedings illustrates the internal context of the period, the system of relationships among and between social groups, and opportunities for individuals. The records were numbered according to the dates of sessions. The documents were written in Latin and Hungarian.
The collection items do not handle the Jewish-related documents separately, they were recorded in the order of the session dates and their subjects. Jewish-related case files are available under 11 entries in the surviving records. The first entry dates from 15 May 1800 (No. 19.), which reports on the debt of Mihály Széna, a Jewish resident of Abony with a resident of Túrkeve. The entries reveal individual cases. 10 out of 11 cases deal with lawsuits regarding debts. The only lawsuit with a different subject, the case of Márton Grünwald whose shop was robbed, was heard in the civil law court on 18 June 1628 (No. 44.). In almost all debt cases, the debt arose through a business relationship with the members of local society. The members of the Jewish community were both lenders and debtors in these cases. The records exclusively deal with male members of society. As for their geographical distribution, the records refer to national economic relations (Óbuda (16 10 1835, No. 153.)) and ones within Jászkun District: Félegyháza (Simon Leovics 17 08 1822, (No. 24.), Halas (Jakab Klein, 01 02 1826, No. 7.). The number of entries may be higher if data from missing records from 1839-1844 supplements them. Therefore, the review of civil litigation documents can offer information on the records. The documents were written mainly in Latin and Hungarian.
- Archival history:
-
Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county was founded in 1876 with its seat in Szolnok. The county includes the Jászkun District, and Külső-Szolnok part of Heves and Külső-Szolnok counties. The establishment of the county archives was ordered by Queen Maria Theresa. The legal predecessor of the archive was established in 1751 at the headquarters of the Jászkun District in Jászberény. The county records were collected here. The well-organised collection was transferred to the Szolnok county archives in 1878. The document collection was moved to the building of the Szolnok Financial Administration under the name Szolnok County Public Archives in 1950. Later the county court building was designated as the maintenance site for the archival materials in 1917. The construction of a new building was decided in 1952 and it was completed by 1980. The building - explicitly for the maintenance of archival materials - is located at 40-42 Pozsonyi Street.
The collection contains very few documents from the period before Mohács. However, it became extensive from the 18th century. (As a result of territorial reclassification in the Heves county archives, documents related to Szolnok county can also be found.) The composition of the documents maintained in Szolnok county is closely related to the changes in the administrative boundaries from period to period. Deaccessioning in 1914 and 1928 and ‘paper collection’ in 1946 and 1947 caused irreparable deficiencies in the case files.
- Administrative/biographical history:
-
No precise data are available on the date of the establishment of Jászkun District as an administrative authority. The collection of documents on the Jazygians and Cumans may have started as early as 1741 when the district received its seal from Queen Maria Theresa. The archive was first mentioned in 1751 when the Queen ordered the establishment of an archive. The material of the district was sorted in 1825, and the handbooks are still usable.
Destruction in 1914 affected the material from the district for the period 1850-1876. War damages caused irreparable deficiencies in the records.. This collection includes records created during civil legal proceedings.
- Access points: locations:
- Halas
- Access points: persons/families:
- Grünwald, Márton
- Klein, Jakab
- Leovics, Simon
- Széna, Mihály
- Subject terms:
- Crime
- Financial matters--Debt
- Legal matters
- Trade and commerce
- Finding aids:
- Handbooks attached to the collection of records are available.
- Yerusha Network member:
- University of Szeged
- Author of the description:
- Dr. Tibor Almási and Dr. Erzsébet Mislovics, University of Szeged, 2020
