Metadata: Collection of documents from ghettos and camps in Central-Eastern Europe 1939-1944. Tarnów
Collection
- Country:
- Poland
- Holding institution:
- The Emanuel Ringelblum Jewish Historical Institute
- Holding institution (official language):
- Żydowski Instytut Historyczny im. Emanuela Ringelbluma
- Postal address:
- Archiwum, Żydowski Instytut Historyczny im. E. Ringelbluma, ul. Tłomackie 3/5, 00-090 Warszawa
- Phone number:
- (+48 22) 827 92 21
- Email:
- secretary@jhi.pl
- Reference number:
- 312/267
- Title:
- Collection of documents from ghettos and camps in Central-Eastern Europe 1939-1944. Tarnów
- Title (official language):
- Kolekcja dokumentów z gett i obozów Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej 1939-1944. Tarnów.
- Creator/accumulator:
- Town Court of Tarnów; Judenrat in Tarnów
- Date(s):
- 1941/1943
- Language:
- German
- Polish
- Extent:
- 4 archival units (0.1 linear metre)
- Type of material:
- Textual material
- Physical condition:
- Good
- Scope and content:
-
The collection includes:
ref. no. 1: application before the Municipal Court in Tarnów (24 January 1941) of the defendants Anna and Estera Blumenkranz to dismiss the claim of the plaintiff Czarna Mandelbaum regarding the release of the subject of the lease and payment of rent arrears;
ref. no. 2: motion before the Municipal Court in Tarnów (30 July 1943) Józef and Marian Biedroński (former debtor Feliks Jeleński) to consider enforcement by canceling the lien in favour of the creditor Izak Goldman (his place of residence unknown);
ref. no. 3: work card for Jews issued to Dawid Linder (b. 24 February 1900 in Tarnów); employed in a labour camp in the ghetto in Tarnów; profession: tailor. The document was issued on 31 December 1942 in German; badly damaged.
ref. no. 4: work card for Jews issued to Dawid Eder (b. 14 April 1907 in Krakow); employed in a forced labour camp in Tarnów; occupation: assistant locksmith. The document was issued on 26 May 1943 in German; badly damaged.
- Archival history:
- It is not known how the collection came into the possession of the Jewish Historical Institute Archives. It is likely that individual documents were acquired over time.
- Administrative/biographical history:
-
About 25,000 Jews lived in Tarnów in 1939, constituting approximately 45% of the total population. On 7 September 1939, the Germans entered the city, and in November they destroyed all the synagogues and prayer houses. In March 1941, a ghetto was established into which about 40,000 Jews from Tarnów and its vicinity were confined. On 11-18 June 1942, approximately 3,000 Jews were murdered in the streets of the ghetto, including the elderly, the sick and children. Another 1,500 were shot at the Jewish cemetery and 6,000 people over 60 and children under 13 were murdered in the forests of Zbylitowska Góra and Skrzyszów. 3,500 were deported to the killing centre in Bełżec.
In September 1942, about 6500 Jews were deported to Bełżec. The elderly were shot in the cemetery. On 15 November 1942, about 1,600 people were deported to Bełżec or murdered on the spot. In September 1943, out of the remaining 8,000 of people, a larger transport with the elderly and children was sent to Auschwitz and a smaller transport with physically able persons was directed to the camp in Płaszów. During the following two weeks, about 700 people were found hiding in the ghetto and deported to the camp in Szebnie. In February 1944, the group forced to clear the ghetto area was sent to the camp in Płaszów.
After the end of the war, mainly Jews who had survived in the USSR started arriving back in the town. In June 1946, some 1,221 Jews lived in Tarnów. Many of them left soon after for Lower Silesia or went abroad.
- Access points: locations:
- Tarnów
- Access points: persons/families:
- Blumenkranz, Anna
- Blumenkranz, Estera
- Eder, Dawid
- Goldman, Izak
- Linder, Dawid
- Mandelbaum, Czarna
- Subject terms:
- Forced labour (of Jews)
- Holocaust
- Holocaust--Ghettos
- Legal matters
- Finding aids:
- A digital inventory (2009-2015) in Polish is available, including online.
- Yerusha Network member:
- The Taube Department of Jewish Studies of the University of Wrocław
- Author of the description:
- Monika Taras; The Emanuel Ringelblum Jewish Historical Institute; April 2020
