Metadata: Commune of Zwierzyniec
Collection
- Country:
- Poland
- Holding institution:
- The National Archives in Krakow
- Holding institution (official language):
- Archiwum Narodowe w Krakowie
- Postal address:
- Oddział III, 30-960 Kraków, ul. Sienna 16
- Phone number:
- +48 (12) 422 40 94
- Web address:
- http://ank.gov.pl/
- Email:
- sekretariat@ank.gov.pl
- Reference number:
- 29/55/0
- Title:
- Commune of Zwierzyniec
- Title (official language):
- Gmina Zwierzyniec
- Creator/accumulator:
- Authorities of the Commune of Zwierzyniec
- Date(s):
- 1512/1910
- Date note:
- 1512-1910; 1848; 1853-1910.
- Language:
- Polish
- German
- Extent:
- 48 units (1.45 linear metres)
- Type of material:
- Textual material
- Graphic material
- Physical condition:
- good
- Scope and content:
-
This fonds covers Zwierzyniec, Liszki, Półwsie Zwierzynieckie, Bielany, Kaszów, Nowa Wieś Szlachecka, Kryspinów and Przegorzały. Zwierzyniec is presently an area within the city of Krakow, part of its District VII – Zwierzyniec, situated between the rivers Rudawa and Vistula. In 1912, the villa housing estate Salwator was built within the area. The fonds includes various Jewish-related material from the 19th and 20th centuries, in the following series:
2. Resolutions of the Communal Council re. elections, 1867-1910 (ref. no. GmP II/2-3).
3. Chancellery/office registers – administration; fire brigade; incorporation in Krakow, 1861-1910 (ref. no. GmP II/4-8).
4. Communal property; benefits from residents; lists of houses and plots of land, 1848-1910 (ref. no. GmP II/9-26).
6. Censuses; workers’ books; death registers; industrial and commercial licences, 1870-1910 (ref. no. GmP II/34-38).
7. Construction of roads, pavements, canals; channelling of rivers, 1871-1910 (ref. no. GmP II/39-40).
9. Sanitary supervision; “moral” affairs; transgressions and punishments, 1867-1909 (ref. no. GmP II/43-47).
Most of the Jewish-related material can be found in the criminal and economic files, numerous construction projects and technical documentation of plants run by Jewish owners (e.g. tavern keepers, brickyard owners) and employee documentation.
GMP II-2 29/55/2: Resolutions of the Communal Council; applications from Jews for consent to run an inn/tavern; permits for female Jews to hold a liquor licence on their own; resolutions re. permission for playing music at taverns/inns; tax affairs; Jews’ motions for community membership.
GMP II-3 29/55/3: Lists of community members eligible to be elected (Schmelkes) and to vote (Schmelkes, Schoenberg, Krakauer – brickyard owners/leaseholders; Mojżesz Schoenberg, publican); Communal Council election lists; lists of community members; voting reports featuring Jewish names.
GMP II-4 29/55/4: register (log) of the Commune, 1871-7 – Jewish names appear from the 1870s. Memos to publicans; income tax imposed on publicans; queries re. whereabouts of deceased Jews’ widows.
GMP II-10 29/55/10: Booklets recording rental fees on communal houses, land tax and ‘house’ tax collected (Abraham Filler).
GMP II-34 29/55/34: Commune censuses (Mojżesz Steinlicht); granting of communal rights and Community membership; certificates of poverty for Jews; official certificates; personal documents from 1870-1910.
GMP II-38 29/55/38: Fines imposed on brickyard owners Schoenberg and Schmelkes for failing to dry out the ground and execute the works; application for consent for construction of a brickyard (Reich and Hirsch); amount of tax on gains charged from Jewish workers; Commune’s letters to Jewish entrepreneurs for determining the number of workers; assessment of cost of brick firing; memos re. leaseholds of taprooms and brickyard canteen; permits for business operations (Lebenstein – manufacture of vinegar and mustard); inspection of illegal running of a tavern; requests for reduction of lease rent; lists of Jewish taproom keepers (Schoenberg, Szemlich, Salomon Wolfgang, Mojżesz Szmelka); letter to Schoenberg with a request to make a crossing possible; letters to the Schoenberg and Schmelkes partnership re. the well, storage of bricks, building of an outhouse; case against Mojżesz Schmelkes and Izaak Schoff concerning the filling up of a hole; taxes of Jewish innkeepers; requests for issuance of ‘industrial cards’ for manufacture and sale of bricks; baking business (Mojżesz Katzer); illegal control of the brickyard (Krakauer); construction designs of Jewish brickyards.
GMP II-43 29/55/43: Sanitary affairs, 1873-1909. Jewish physicians (Dr Ferdynand Eichhorn, forensic medicine expert); memos re. vaccinations of Jewish labourers; admonitions to a certain Schoenberg posing an epidemiological threat.
GMP II-44 29/55/44: Criminal affairs – unsatisfactory oversight of a cart loaded with bricks (Schoenberg and Schmelkes); wanted notices as per the Police Log, the kaiserlich und königlich (k.u.k.) Board of Police in Lwów (1880s), regarding Jewish offenders across Galicia, 1897–8; interrogation of Finkenstein, administrator of the brickyard; clashes between neighbours involving Jews; taproom fund.
GMP II-45 29/55/45: Register of offences and penalties for the Commune: attack on Jewish inns; Jews among those sentenced to imprisonment and fine for fraud, failure to fill up a marsh, insufficient oversight of a transport, damage caused to bricks, appropriation of land.
- Archival history:
- The registers of Zwierzyniec were kept at the village’s chancellery until 1826. With the establishment of the Mortgage Registry, one of them was moved to the Court of Appeals; temporarily stored at the file depository of the Senate of the Free City of Krakow, the register was paginated in 1826 and 1830. The aldermen/assessor files of Zwierzyniec were moved in 1890 to the Archives of Historical Records of the City of Krakow. With the liquidation of the Commune, they were taken over by the Municipality Office of Krakow. Subsequently, 57 fascicles were taken over by the Archives of the City of Krakow in 1910.
- Administrative/biographical history:
- Zwierzyniec was originally owned by noblemen and subsequently, since the 12th century, by the local convent of Norbertine Nuns. In 1792, the area was made part of the Krakow suburbs. After Krakow was seized by Austria in 1796, Zwierzyniec was made part of a quarter. In 1809-15 it belonged to the municipal council; under the Free City of Krakow, 1815-38, it was part of a collective commune; since 1838, part of Cyrkuł (administrative district) IV of Krakow. 1855 saw the formation of district starosties, divided into counties (powiats). The Commune of Zwierzyniec was subordinated to the District of Liszki. The Commune was granted extensive rights in 1866, and reported ever since to the County Department in Krakow and, in state structure terms, to the k.u.k. Starosty of Krakow. The county offices were turned into starosties in 1868; a Starosty of Krakow was set up and the area of the County Office in Liszki and Mogiła was incorporated in it. Zwierzyniec has been part of Krakow since late 1909.
- Access points: locations:
- Bielany
- Galicia
- Kaszów
- Kryspinów
- Liszki
- Nowa Wieś Szlachecka
- Półwsie Zwierzynieckie
- Przegorzały
- Zwierzyniec
- System of arrangement:
-
The fonds is arranged as follows:
29/55/2 Register of Commune’s resolutions, 1867-1910
29/55/3 [Records of elections for the Communal Council and concerning the operation of the Communal Council in Zwierzyniec], 1872-1907
29/55/4-29/55/5 [Correspondence] register, 1871-77; 1880-82
29/55/8 [Administrative and organisational affairs of the Communal Office], 1861-1910
29/55/10 [Records related to the Commune’s property], 1870-1909
29/55/34-36 [Records re. local population], 1870-1910; Register of entrants of the Commune of Zwierzyniec, 1895-1909; [Registers of the deceased in the Commune of Zwierzyniec, 1892-1904; Death certificates, 1904-1910]
29/55/37 [Records re. military affairs], 1871-1910
29/55/38 [Records re. craftsmanship, industry and trade], 1870-1910
29/55/43-44: 1. Records re. sanitary supervision, 1873-1909; 3. Reports on accidents/incidents, moral affairs, 1877–1909; Records re. criminal/penal affairs and transgressions; damages to fields/crops; neighbourly disputes], 1870-1909
29/55/45 Register of penalties kept by the Communal Office for offences/transgressions, [1888–1904]
29/55/46 [List of pecuniary penalties]
- Access, restrictions:
- If copies (microfilms, scans, photocopies) are available, these will be provided to the researcher. Access to original documents requires the Director’s consent.
- Finding aids:
- Inwentarz zespołu akt gmin przyłączonych do miasta Krakowa w latach 1909-1912 z lat 1348-1912, ed. by Z. Wenzel-Homecka, W. Kolak, and Z. Wojas
- Yerusha Network member:
- The Taube Department of Jewish Studies of the University of Wrocław
- Author of the description:
- Przemysław Zarubin, Kraków, 2018