Metadata: Fonds regarding antisemitism and aid to refugees
Collection
- Country:
- Belgium
- Holding institution:
- Central Jewish Consistory of Belgium
- Holding institution (official language):
- Consistoire central israélite de Belgique
- Postal address:
- Joseph Dupontstraat 2 / Rue Joseph Dupont 2, 1000 Bruxelles
- Phone number:
- +32 (0)2 512 21 90
- Web address:
- http://www.jewishcom.be/
- Reference number:
- CJCons-Brussels-Fonds Antisémitisme et Aide aux Réfugiés
- Title:
- Fonds regarding antisemitism and aid to refugees
- Title (official language):
- Fonds Antisémitisme et Aide aux Réfugiés
- Creator/accumulator:
- Consistoire central israélite de Belgique; Centraal Israëlitisch Consistorie van België
- Date(s):
- 1919/1990
- Language:
- French
- Dutch; Flemish
- German
- Hebrew
- English
- Extent:
- 4 boxes
- Scope and content:
- This fonds contains files concerning a variety of subjects, grouped according to one (broad) topic. We firstly note files concerning the aid to Jewish refugees, various refugee organisations as well as files concerning antisemitism in Belgium and the rest of the world. They mainly consist of notes, reports, press clippings, correspondence, publications and leaflets. We also point out antisemitic publications, documents concerning the tracing of Shoah survivors (1946), as well as files regarding: antisemitic acts committed in Belgium, aid to Jewish refugees from Turkey (1919-1923), the transfer of bodies of victims of the Second World War, aid to Jewish refugees from Egypt (notably the attempt to allow them to settle temporarily in the Belgian Congo, 1956-1957), the rise of antisemitism in Belgium, Austria, the Netherlands and Germany (1933-1938), the resurgence of antisemitism in the USSR (1960-1963), ceremonies organised in Belgium following the desecration of the Jewish cemetery of Carpentras (1990), etc. Lastly we mention the file concerning Jewish war veterans of the First World War, including a list of names (1938).
- Administrative/biographical history:
-
The Consistoire central israélite de Belgique / Centraal Israëlitisch Consistorie van België (Central Jewish Consistory of Belgium)(CCIB) was created in 1832 by Adolphe Oppenheim, Henri Furth, Sigmund Benda, Adolphe Hauman and Henri Schuster. They were inspired by the similar institution established by Napoleon in the early 19th century. The founders tried to acquire the same benefits that had already been granted to the other recognised denominations for the Jewish religion. As the Jewish contact institution to the Belgian authorities, responsible for the management of the Jewish religion, the CCIB represents Belgian Judaism and embodies the spiritual authority of the religious communities. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the institution tried to be the guarantor of the emancipation and modernisation of the Jewish communities in Belgium, along the lines of the Enlightenment philosophy, which led to friction with the most conservative communities. These communities tried to escape the authority of the CCIB in order to enjoy a greater spiritual independence.
The CCIB was also a meeting place for the different conceptions of Judaism. Key figures were, among others, rabbi Élie-Aristide Astruc, rabbi Armand Bloch, rabbi Ernest Ginsburger and rabbi Robert Dreyfus. Among the presidents of the Consistory we note iconic figures such as Louis Lassen, Joseph Oppenheim and Jacques Wiener in the 19th century, Franz and Paul Philippson, Ernest Wiener, Jean Bloch and Georges Schnek in the 20th century.
The range of functions of the CCIB has greatly expanded since the Second World War. It supports cultural, educational and heritage initiatives. The CCIB has supported the Institut d’Études du Judaïsme Martin Buber in Brussels, the Instituut voor Joodse Studies in Antwerp, the Fondation pour la Mémoire Contemporaine, the Joods Museum voor Deportatie en Verzet in Mechelen; it was at the initiative of the creation of the Jewish Museum of Belgium and the Institut de la Mémoire Audiovisuelle juive. The Consistory publishes the quarterly Nouvelles Consistoriales – Consistoriaal Nieuwsblad, and organises radio and television broadcasts. The institution is involved in the Organe de Consultation entre Chrétiens et Juifs en Belgique. It plays a key role in domains such as inter-religious dialogue, Jewish education, preservation of Jewish cultural heritage, the study of the history of Belgian Judaism, remembrance of the Shoah and the dissemination of Jewish culture. Although the CCIB was liberal from 1832 until 1880, it is currently influenced by Orthodox Judaism and refuses to include the liberal community Beth Hillel. The current president of the Consistory is Professor Baron Julien Klener. He remains the moral authority of Belgian Judaism, its representative and the manager of its communities. (J.-P. Schreiber, Politique et religion. Le Consistoire central israélite de Belgique au XIXe siècle, Bruxelles, éd. de l’Université de Bruxelles, 1995; http://www.jewishcom.be/)
- Access points: locations:
- Belgium
- Access, restrictions:
- Consultation requires the authorisation of the president of the Central Jewish Consistory of Belgium.
- Finding aids:
- There is a summary list.
- Yerusha Network member:
- State Archives of Belgium
