Metadata: State primary school of Şomcuta Mare
Collection
- Country:
- Romania
- Holding institution:
- Maramureş County division of the Romanian National Archives
- Holding institution (official language):
- Arhivele Naţionale. Direcţia judeţeană Maramureş
- Postal address:
- Bulevardul Bucureşti 26, Baia Mare 430052, judeţul Maramureş
- Phone number:
- 0262-437948
- Email:
- maramures.an@mai.gov.ro
- Reference number:
- Fond 416
- Title:
- State primary school of Şomcuta Mare
- Title (official language):
- Şcoala primară de stat Şomcuta Mare
- Creator/accumulator:
- State primary school of Şomcuta Mare
- Date(s):
- 1919/1948
- Extent:
- 64 registers and catalogues
- Type of material:
- Textual material
- Physical condition:
- good
- Scope and content:
-
This fonds comprises 64 registers and catalogues of the state primary school of Şomcuta Mare from 1919 to 1948. The annual registers include for each student their name, birth date and birth place, their ethnic origin and religious affiliation, the name, residence and profession of their parents and their results in school subjects, including the final result of every grade. The catalogues record the presence of every student and their marks for every day of the academic year.
The students were mostly Romanian and Hungarian, but there was a considerable Jewish community in Şomcuta Mare. In 1920 it numbered 944 members out of a total population of 7,039 inhabitants, the census from 1930 registered 847 Jews in a population of 7,416, while in 1941 there were 205 Jewish inhabitants out of a total population of 7,939 persons. The number of Jewish children at the local primary school reflects these proportions. Due to the Holocaust mentions of Jewish students are much reduced in the registers after the Second World War. In 1956 Şomcuta Mare still had 169 Jewish inhabitants but because of many making Aliyah the census from 1966 registered only 13 Jews in the village.
- Archival history:
- The fonds was held by the primary school of Şomcuta Mare before it was transferred to the Maramureş County division of the Romanian National Archives, where it was inventoried and made accessible to researchers.
- Administrative/biographical history:
- The state primary school of Şomcuta Mare was established after the First World War in accordance with the Romanian law of primary education issued in 1924 by the Ministry of National Education which established the Romanian teaching language in the primary schools in villages with Romanian population. Access was not at all limited for Jewish students until 1940 when the Romanian and then the Hungarian antisemitic legislation imposed a numerus clausus of 6% and then 3%. After 1945 there are almost no Jewish students in the school, due to the fact that the entire Jewish population of Maramureş county was first ghettoised in Sighet and then deported to Auschwitz in 1944 and most survivors made Aliyah in the following years. The primary school of Şomcuta Mare functioned in the interwar framework until 1948, when the new Communist regime introduced a radical reform of the entire educational system.
- Access points: locations:
- Şomcuta Mare
- Subject terms:
- Education
- Education--Schools and universities
- System of arrangement:
- The registers and catalogues are arranged chronologically, with the students’ names in alphabetical order within.
- Finding aids:
- Inventory No. 955, held by the Maramureş County division of the Romanian National Archives.
- Yerusha Network member:
- Romanian Institute for the Research of National Minorities
- Author of the description:
- Levente Tóth (archivist, Protestant Theological Institute Cluj), Ladislau Gyémánt (emeritus professor), 2018
