Metadata: Prefecture of Maramureş county
Collection
- Country:
- Romania
- Holding institution:
- Maramureş County division of the Romanian National Archives
- Holding institution (official language):
- Arhivele Naţionale. Direcţia judeţeană Maramureş
- Postal address:
- Bulevardul Bucureşti 26, Baia Mare 430052, judeţul Maramureş
- Phone number:
- 0262-437948
- Email:
- maramures.an@mai.gov.ro
- Reference number:
- Fond 45
- Title:
- Prefecture of Maramureş county
- Title (official language):
- Prefectura judeţului Maramureş
- Creator/accumulator:
- Prefecture of Maramureş county
- Date(s):
- 1665/1950
- Language:
- German
- Hungarian
- Latin
- Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan
- Extent:
- 4891 files and registers; 85 packages of judicial records
- Type of material:
- Textual material
- Physical condition:
- good
- Scope and content:
-
This fonds includes the contemporary instruments of registration of records of meetings of the general assembly and of the law court of Maramureş county and the records and diplomas issued by these institutions. The records are organised into thematic sections: economic, administrative, social, cultural, financial and military. The content of the records relates to instructions from the central authorities in Bucharest, census of the population, measures concerning forest administration, the supply of food for the population, the fight against speculation, establishment of rents for dwellings, the amelioration of the public health situation, regulation of taxes, salaries of public officials, the election of the local administration, the reorganisation of the schooling system, matters relating to weapons, budget sheets and payrolls. The so-called CASBI office dealt with the administration of the immoveable and moveable goods of missing persons, over being 70% the Jewish properties of those deported in 1944.
Other Jewish references appear in the following files: No. 12 - census of the Jewish population (1726); No. 26 - decisions of the county concerning the status of the Jewish population (1752); No. 118 - debts of the Jewish communities (1809); No. 193 - payment of tolerance tax of the Jews (1819); No. 214 - Jewish transgressors of the frontier(1821); No. 11 - census of the Jewish school children of Sighet (1871); No. 20 - police reports concerning antisemitic movements in the county (1882); No. 6 - instructions concerning the registration of vital events of the Jewish population (1883); No. 24 - report concerning the conflicts within the Jewish community of Sighet (1888); No. 61 - approval for the building of the synagogue in Bistra (1889); No. 63 - program of religious services in Sighet (1889); No. 31 - Jewish Orthodox community protests against school taxes (1891); No. 44 - authorisation of Jewish prayerhouses (1926); No. 59 - issue of approvals for the building of synagogues and Jewish schools (1928); No. 23 - reports concerning conversions and the administration of Jewish cemeteries (1929); No. 28 - situation of the rabbis elaborated at the request of the American consulate (1929); No. 55 - official approval of the statutes of certain Jewish communities (1930); No. 56 - organisation of the elections for rabbis and ritual butchers (1930); No. 28 - police report from Sighet concerning the state of mind of the Jewish population (1934); No. 85 - election of rabbis in the Jewish communities (1934); No. 48 - petition of Jewish merchants for the approval to open their stores on Sunday (1935); No. 11 - demonstrations of the Jewish population against the antisemitic government Goga-Cuza (1938); No. 20 - the status of Jewish public clerks (1940); No. 115 - police records concerning the Jewish community of Sighet (1940); No. 41 - restitution of Jewish goods (especially clothes) expropriated by the previous regime (1945); No. 148 - conflicts between Jewish house owners and their tenants (1945); No. 155 - antisemitic demonstrations in Vişeu de Jos (1945); No. 299 - restitution of Jewish houses and properties to those returned from deportation (1945); Nos. 235; 238 - expropriation of properties of Jewish landowner in the framework of the agrarian reform (1946); No. 246 - nationality register of the town of Sighet (1946); No. 258 - order of the General Staff of the Army concerning the exemption of the Jewish population from service the army (1946); No. 304 - approval for the activity of the organisation Mizrachi in Sighet (1946); No. 53 - the Jewish entrepreneur Samuel Marmor obtains a contract to build the new mayor’s office in Vişeu de Mijloc (1947); No. 61 - reconstruction of the ritual bath of the Jewish community of Sighet (1947); No. 125 - donation to the state by Elena Steinmetz of her property rights to pastures she held (1948); No. 201 - list of craftsmen from the county (1949).
- Archival history:
- The compilation of repertories for the administrative and juridical records of Maramureş county started in 1780 when the deputy notary Emericus Matkovich was installed as registrator. He and his successors repertorised the records issued between 1665 and 1719 in the first two registers of repertories. From 1780 to 1786 two new volumes were compiled and the new position of archivist was established in the institutional schema of the county bureaucracy. Beginning with the period of Austrian reformism and especially during the reign of Joseph II a system of indexing and repertorising records shortly after their creation was instituted. This system functioned until the revolution of 1848-1849. After its defeat, the new Austrian neo-absolutist regime changed the administrative organisation and Maramureş county was abolished together with the institutions whose records are repertorised by the repertories and indices included in this fonds. The indexes of this fonds were inventoried in 1965 and the records and files in 1972 and 1973 by the Maramureş County division of the Romanian National Archives
- Administrative/biographical history:
- Maramureş county was founded at the end of the 14th century as part of the reign of Hungary. After 1526, when the medieval kingdom of Hungary was defeated by the Turks and shared between the Turkish Empire, the Habsburgs and the autonomous principality of Transylvania, in accordance with the treaty of Speyer (concluded in 1570) Maramureş county became a component of the so-called Partium that was disputed until the end of the 17th century by the Habsburgs and the princes of Transylvania. In 1693 it became part of the Austrian Empire, being administrated within the Hungarian part of it. The county had an assembly which included those noblemen who had possessions within it. This assembly gathered periodically and decided on the administrative issues concerning the county. There was also a law court, which functioned according to Hungarian medieval legislation. The records of these assemblies and the decisions issued by it and by the court of law of the county are included in the repertories and indexes of this fonds up until the revolution of 1848-1849. Until the First World War Maramureş county remained a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, but in 1918 it was incorporated into the Kingdom of Romania. By the Second Vienna Award, arbitrated by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy in August 1940, Northern Transylvania became part of Hungary and Maramureş was thus under Hungarian administration. In October 1944 the Romanian administration was reinstalled, but the northern part of medieval Maramureş was included in the Subcarpathian region of the Ukrainian Republic as part of the Soviet Union and remained after 1989 in the independent state of Ukraine. Before the Second World War Maramureş had a substantial Jewish population, all of whom were deported to Auschwitz in May-June 1944. The percentage of survivors was around 13-15%, but those who returned home were subject to antisemitic violence in 1945-1946.
- Access points: locations:
- Bistra
- Sighet
- Vişeu de Jos
- Vişeu de Mijloc
- Vişeu de Sus
- Access points: persons/families:
- Marmor, Samuel
- Steinmetz, Elena
- Subject terms:
- Antisemitism
- Cemeteries
- Census
- Citizenship
- Education--Schools and universities
- Financial matters
- Financial matters--Debt
- Holocaust
- Holocaust--Deportation
- Jewish community
- Law enforcement
- Law enforcement--Police
- Mikveh
- Military
- Plunder
- Professions
- Professions--Crafts
- Rabbis
- Restitution and compensation
- Ritual slaughter
- Ritual slaughter--Butchers
- Synagogues
- Trade and commerce
- System of arrangement:
- The fonds is organised into thematic sections, within which the records are arranged in files in chronological order. The indices and repertories are held in registers which list the administrative (political) and judicial records separately.
- Finding aids:
- Inventories No. 306/312; 314; 341; 373; 442; 672; 704; 706/707; 1002; 1004; 1006/1007; 1020; 1045, held by the Maramureş County division of the Romanian National Archives.
- Yerusha Network member:
- Romanian Institute for the Research of National Minorities
- Author of the description:
- Anton Dörner (retired researcher), Ladislau Gyémánt (emeritus professor) 2017