Metadata: General record series
Collection
- Country:
- Austria
- Holding institution:
- Tyrolean Regional Archive
- Holding institution (official language):
- Tiroler Landesarchiv
- Postal address:
- Michael-Gaismair-Straße 1, 6020 Innsbruck
- Phone number:
- 0043 512 508 3502
- Web address:
- https://www.tirol.gv.at/kunst-kultur/landesarchiv/
- Email:
- landesarchiv@tirol.gv.at
- Reference number:
- Jüngeres Gubernium - Allgemeine Aktenserie
- Title:
- General record series
- Title (official language):
- Allgemeine Aktenserie
- Creator/accumulator:
- Younger Gubernium
- Date(s):
- 1784/1849
- Date note:
- 1784/1805 and 1815/1849
- Language:
- German
- Extent:
- 3,701 fascicles
- Type of material:
- Textual material
- Physical condition:
- good
- Scope and content:
-
The collection “General record series” of the Younger Gubernium, held by the Tyrolean regional archive of Innsbruck, is a non-Jewish assemblage with a large number of Jewish-related documents.
This collection covers the periods 1784–1805 and 1815–59 (the series was not maintained during the Bavarian occupation of 1806–14) and consists of 3,701 fascicles. The records for each calendar year are collected by date with consecutive numbers and sorted by subject. Incoming protocols to these records were also created and should be consulted for an overview of the content of the documents an impression of Jewish lives.
The series contains documents of each administrative department, including such subjects as Aristocracy 1830–49, Administration 1786–99, Construction 1784–1808, Mining 1784–1808, Books (Censorship) 1784–1807 and Dioceses 1792–97.
Jewish-related subjects include [q.v. Beimrohr, Das Tiroler Landesarchiv und seine Bestände, 92]: 1) Judensache, 1784–89, Fasz. 887; 2) Polizei, Judensache, 1815–38, Fasz. Nr. 1710; 3) Publica, Toleranz, Judens., 1784, Fasz. Nr. 1838; 4) Publica, Judensache, Toleranz, 1785, I–II, Fasz. Nr. 1843; 5) Publica, Vorarlberg, Toleranz, Juden 4, 1787, 8–34, Fasz. 1857.
These five fascicles may be ordered using their fascicle numbers and the listed signatures.
There are also book-like indexes listed in repertory B 204, pages 143–73, of which some contain references to “Judensache”. These indexes may be used to find Jewish-related documents in the fascicles. Fascicle 887, “Judensache, 1784–89” refers to Jewish matters discussed in correspondence between the regional offices in Bregenz and Bolzano and the Gubernium. In general, the fascicles contain minutes, reports, patents and decrees. Fascicle 887 is divided into sub-fascicles from 1784–88. In the 1786 sub-fascicle, Herz Löw Lemle of Hohenems is mentioned in reference to a dispute with Moritz Freund of Altstätten in Switzerland. Files of this case can also be found in the collections of the Elder Gubernium. Also mentioned are Joseph, Jonathan, Lazarus and Gabriel Uffenheimer, Moses and Abraham Weil and Jakob Joseph Abraham Uffenheimer, all of Innsbruck, and Israel Wolf of Hohenems.
In general, the files deal with Jewish taxes and contributions, toleration, school, marriage, baptism, trade, name changes and personal disputes. There are also customs office reports concerning tax regulations and determinations and registers and protocols of Jewish people in Innsbruck.
A minute of 26th March 1784 states that tax determinations should be reformed for Jews and Christians, as at this time taxes for Christians were lower than for Jews. The determinations were changed under the Patent of Toleration of 1781. There are also references to local contributions paid by Jewish people in Hohenems, such as protection fees and payments for marriage, cemeteries and the synagogue. These contributions were not included in the “Leibzoll”. A record of 1784 discusses whether the “Leibzoll” should be retained in Vorarlberg for bridges such as the Achbrücke in Bregenz.
References to schools include a record of 4 April 1786 stating that Jewish people should “be made useful” for the state and taught in regional schools to “improve their character”. This file includes correspondence between the Gubernium and the city council of Bolzano.
Jonathan Uffenheimer complained that the local office of Bolzano demanded a fee per person for permission to stay in the city for business, in contravention of the Patent of Toleration. General determinations of civil marriage concerning Christian people also pertained to Jewish people. A patent of marriage may be found in the records of Joseph II issued on 3 May 1786.
Regarding the toleration of Jewish people in Innsbruck, records of 1786 contain correspondence between the city council and the Gubernium of Innsbruck. They discuss which of the Jewish people of Innsbruck was to be classified as a stranger and who should receive permission to stay and be tolerated in Innsbruck. In a record of 16 August 1786, addressed to the city council of Innsbruck, the Gubernium decided that, according to the order of 19th April 1782, only Lazarus Uffenheimer and Jakob Joseph Abraham were classified as resident persons, and that all the other Jewish people, such as the Weil family and Gabriel Uffenheimer and his attendants, were to be seen as foreigners staying in Innsbruck for business, trade and services. Anyone who owned a house in Innsbruck was to be classified as a resident. According to regulations, Jewish people who already lived in villages and cities should be tolerated, but no further Jewish families should be assimilated. Where Jewish people in general were not tolerated, no Jewish family should settle, but already tolerated Jews should be “made useful” for the state.
Records of 1786 contain reports or descriptions created between 6 and 20 November 1786 about the family status and background of Jewish people in Innsbruck, such as Abraham and Moyses Weil, Gabriel and Abraham Uffenheimer, Isac and Johan Schuster, Mayr Bernheim, Leo Mayr and Simon Lew.
Records of 1787 include a regulation about the baptism of Jewish children. It was prohibited for Christian midwives to baptise Jewish children without permission from the parents. It is stated that the number of Jewish midwives should be increased and that Christian midwives should be fined 1,000 ducats or imprisoned for half a year. This court decree was issued by the president of the Gubernium on 27 April 1787.
In 1788 and 1789 are records of name changes ordered by the higher authority. Gabriel Uffenheimer complained about the instruction to change his forename and surname. There are also disagreements between Uffenheimer and the city council and Gubernium concerning the “Leibzoll” in Frankfurt. Also from 1789 is a record created by the gendarmerie concerning examined Mohel books (“Beschneidungsbücher”, “Mohel-Bücher”) of the Jewish communities of Innsbruck and Bolzano. It is noted that there was no public record of these books and that only boys and no girls were documented. The lack of death registers was also criticised. As a result of these reports, the Mohel books and other documents concerning Jewish people, such as marriage and death registers, were to be controlled. Other matters, such as who was responsible for keeping these documents, how registers were kept and what mistakes concerning tendering could be found in these documents, are also discussed.
This is an extensive collection with large fascicles concerning Jewish people and many details about Jewish life, regulations and measures. Fascicles can be ordered with the signatures quoted above.
- Archival history:
- This collection was transferred to the Tyrolean Regional Archive according to the regular document transfer process stipulated by national archival regulations.
- Administrative/biographical history:
- The Gubernium was established in 1763 to replace the former authority “Repräsentation and Kammer” (Representation and chamber) established by Empress Maria Theresa in the administrative reforms of 1749. It was the highest authority of the general administration of Tyrol and, from 1782, Vorarlberg. It was subordinated to the central authorities of the Habsburg territories in Vienna. As well as general administration, the Gubernium was responsible for matters of religion, education and the policing of trade and security. From 1782, political matters and the political police, which had been responsibilities of the Gubernium, were assigned to the governor or rectorate. Related documents are “Records of the Presidium” (“Akten des Präsidiums”) and “Secret records of the Presidium” (“Geheime Präsidialakten”). In 1782 the Austrian Anterior and Superior Board of Appeal (“O. ö. und v. ö. Revisorium”) were separated from the Gubernium, meaning that the administration and the judiciary were treated separately at the state level. Between 1806 and 1814 the Gubernium did not operate due to the Bavarian domination of Tyrol. In 1814, administrative responsibilities were reassigned to the Gubernium. In 1850 the Gubernium was superseded by the new authority “Governor’s Office for Tyrol and Vorarlberg” (“Statthalterei für Tirol und Vorarlberg”) [q.v. Beimrohr, Das Tiroler Landesarchiv und seine Bestände, 92].
- Subject terms:
- Conversion to Christianity
- Education
- Education--Schools and universities
- Health and medical matters
- Health and medical matters--Midwives
- Jewish community
- Jewish community records
- Jewish community records--Mohel books
- Jewish-Christian relations
- Law enforcement
- Law enforcement--Gendarmerie
- Legal matters
- Legal status of Jews
- Marriage and divorce
- Residency issues of Jews
- Taxation
- Taxation--Tolerance tax
- Trade and commerce
- System of arrangement:
- Within one calendar year the records of this general series were given consecutive numbers in chronological order as well as being sorted according to different subjects.
- Access, restrictions:
- The collection is publicly accessible.
- Finding aids:
- Rep. B 204; Indices concerning subjects and incoming minutes
- Yerusha Network member:
- Jewish Museum Hohenems
- Author of the description:
- Rebecca Muršec; Tyrolean Regional Archive Innsbruck; 2018