Metadata: National Land Mortgage Bank, Cluj Branch, 1941-1947
Collection
- Country:
- Hungary
- Holding institution:
- National Archives of Hungary, National Archives
- Holding institution (official language):
- Magyar Nemzeti Levéltár Országos Levéltára
- Postal address:
- Budapest, Bécsi Kapu tér 2-4., 1014
- Phone number:
- +36 1 225 2843
- Web address:
- http://mnl.gov.hu/
- Email:
- info@mnl.gov.hu
- Reference number:
- Z 892
- Title:
- National Land Mortgage Bank, Cluj Branch, 1941-1947
- Title (official language):
- Országos Földhitelintézet, Kolozsvári fiók iratai, 1941-1947
- Creator/accumulator:
- National Land Mortgage Bank
- Date(s):
- 1941/1947
- Extent:
- 26 fascicles, 3.64 linear metres
- Physical condition:
- good
- Scope and content:
- The collection holds cases of Jewish-owned landholdings and forests confiscated by Act IV of 1939 and Act XV of 1942 (Second and Fourth Jewish Laws). The relevant records include administrative files, reports to the Budapest centre of the Institute, correspondence with departments in Budapest, records on land policy measures, including the parcelling of land (parcellázás) in 1943-1944, the sales of former Jewish agricultural property, settlement projects on and lease of Jewish large estates, various lists of nationalized landholdings, inventories and other administrative documents of the estates. The material contains plenty of information on the confiscated Jewish estates in Northern Transylvania and also on the fate of their former owners after the German occupation of Hungary.
- Archival history:
- The collection was acquired by the Hungarian National Archives in the early 1950s.
- Administrative/biographical history:
-
State expropriation of Jewish-owned lands and forests was one of the major stages of the economic deprivation of Jewish citizens by the Hungarian state between 1939 and 1944. The possibility of requisitioning Jewish-owned property was first made explicit in the Second Jewish Law (Act IV of 1939), which also restricted the rights of Jews to obtain landed property. According to Act XV of 1942 on Jewish-owned agricultural land and forests, also known as the Fourth Jewish Law, Jews were forced to hand over their landed property and any production facilities connected to them. The compensation offered was significantly less than the real value of the estates.
The National Land Mortgage Institute was one of the key institutions in this process, which was responsible for the management of the larger formerly Jewish-owned estates (that is, over 20 hold of land, in case of vineyards the limit was 5 holds) as well as supporting the non-Jewish beneficiaries of the land reforms with loans, equipment and other means.
The National Land Mortgage Institute was founded by Act XIV of 1936, which declared the fusion of the National Land Mortgage Institute of Petty Landowners and the National Alliance of Hungarian National Land Mortgage Banks. Its main task was the administration and organisation of land policy measures, including the parcelling of land (parcellázás) and providing the beneficiaries with financial and material support, most of all mortgages.
- Access points: locations:
- Cluj
- Transylvania
- Finding aids:
- A Hungarian-language collection-level description is available for the collection.
- Yerusha Network member:
- Hungarian Jewish Museum and Archives
